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Nginx性能调优与安全加固

三思原创大约 14 分钟nginxnginx安装性能调优安全加固源码编译

本文介绍了Nginx的安装方式分析，包括源码安装和预编译方式，并详细说明了环境依赖的配置方法。随后指导了编译安装过程，包括安装依赖、编译安装openssl等步骤，以及下载常用module的链接。

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Nginx性能调优与安全加固落地实践

一. 安装方式分析

1.1 源码安装

  1. 可定制,可添加第三方module扩展nginx功能
  2. 安装慢,由于需要编译nginx源码及module源码，耗时较长
  3. 跨平台, 源码编译方式跨平台性（国产linux操作系统、debian、macOS、redhat）较好

1.2 预编译方式

rpm离线安装或yum在线安装

  1. 不可定制, 内置模块已经确定，不可添加
  2. 安装快, 由于不需要编译，安装迅速但需要处理依赖（yum可自动处理依赖）
  3. 不跨平台, 不具备跨平台性

二. 环境依赖

2.1 配置yum源

适用于宿主机可以访问互联网

2.1.1 配置离线yum源

  1. 查看操作系统版本

    cat /etc/system-release

  2. 获取系统安装镜像

    获取方式一：找系统运维管理员提供(推荐) , 让系统管理员帮挂载到/media或上传至 /root下

    获取方式二：获取地址 http://192.168.131.211:8888/iso/open in new window

  3. 上传挂载

    注意路径、文件名需要替换，以下命令相当于将CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso，解压到/media

    mount -o loop ~/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso /media

  4. 删除原有yum源repo文件

    rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo

  5. 新建yum repo文件

    cat >> /etc/yum.repos.d/c7.repo <<EOF
[c7repo]
name=c7repo
baseurl=file:///yum
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

2.1.2 配置阿里云yum源

  1. 配置DNS

    echo "nameserver 114.114.114.114" >> /etc/resolv.conf

  2. 删除原有yum源repo文件

    rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo

  3. 下载阿里yum源文件

    #CentOS 6
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-6.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
#CentOS 7
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

  4. 建立缓存

    yum clean all && yum makecache

三. 编译安装

3.1 安装依赖

yum install -y gcc perl* zlib-devel pcre-devel unzip zip

3.2 编译安装openssl

3.2.1 下载最新版本openssl

openssl项目地址open in new window

3.2.2 编译安装

tar zxvf OpenSSL* && cd openssl-openssl*
./config shared --openssldir=/usr/local/openssl --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
make && make install
sed -i '/\/usr\/local\/openssl\/lib/d' /etc/ld.so.conf
echo "/usr/local/openssl/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig -v
mv /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.old
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl  /usr/bin/openssl
cd -openssl version

3.2.3 下载module

module用途链接
ngx_devel_kit-0.3.0Nginx 开发套件ngx_devel_kitopen in new window
ngx_cache_purge-2.3http请求缓存ngx_cache_purgeopen in new window
headers-more-nginx修改http headerheaders-moreopen in new window
naxsi安全防护naxsi-0.56open in new window
nginx_upstream_check上游服务主动健康检测nginx_upstream_checkopen in new window
lua扩展脚本lua-nginx-moduleopen in new window

3.2.4 编译安装lua

  1. 下载地址

    http://luajit.org/download/LuaJIT-2.0.5.tar.gzopen in new window

  2. 编译安装

    cd LuaJIT-2.0.5 && make -j2 && \
make install PREFIX=/usr/local/lj2 && \
export LUAJIT_LIB=/usr/local/lj2/lib && \
export LUAJIT_INC=/usr/local/lj2/include/luajit-2.0 && \
sed -i '/\/usr\/local\/lib/d' /etc/ld.so.conf && \
echo "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf && \
ldconfig && ln -s /usr/local/lj2/lib/libluajit-5.1.so.2 /lib64/libluajit-5.1.so.2 && \
ln -s /usr/local/lj2/lib/libluajit-5.1.so.2 /lib/libluajit-5.1.so.2

3.3 编译安装nginx

3.3.1 下载nginx

最新稳定版：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gzopen in new window

3.3.2 上传源码包

目录结构如下：

nginx
├── headers-more-nginx-module-0.33.tar.gz
├── lua-nginx-module-0.10.15.tar.gz
├── naxsi-0.56.tar.gz
├── nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
├── nginx_upstream_check_module-0.3.0.tar.gz
├── ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
└── ngx_devel_kit-0.3.1.tar.gz

3.3.3 解压配置

ls |xargs -n1 tar zxvf
cd nginx-1.16.1
./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx --with-stream \
  --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-stream_ssl_module \
  --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module \
  --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-pcre \
  --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3 \
  --add-module=../headers-more-nginx-module-0.33 \
  --add-module=../naxsi-0.56/naxsi_src \
  --add-module=../nginx_upstream_check_module-0.3.0 \
  --add-module=../ngx_devel_kit-0.3.1 \
  --add-module=../lua-nginx-module-0.10.15

3.3.4 编译安装

make -j2 && make install

3.3.5 vim语法高亮

mkdir -p ~/.vim && cp -r ./src/tmp/$ngx_version/contrib/vim/* ~/.vim/

3.3.6 配置为系统服务

cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStartPre=/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
systemctl enable nginx.service --now

四. 配置调优

4.1 nginx.conf调优

4.1.1 创建用户

useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

4.1.2 nginx.conf文件

worker_processes  auto;
user nginx;
worker_rlimit_nofile 409600;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 10240;
}

http {
   include       mime.types;
   client_max_body_size    10m;
   client_body_buffer_size 128k;
   client_header_buffer_size 512k;
   large_client_header_buffers 4 512k;
   default_type  application/octet-stream;
   #web security
   include ../naxsi/naxsi_core.rules;
   #waf
   lua_package_path "/opt/nginx/conf/waf/?.lua";
   lua_shared_dict limit 10m;
   init_by_lua_file  conf/waf/init.lua; 
   access_by_lua_file conf/waf/access.lua;  
   proxy_cache_path ../cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache:100m inactive=7d max_size=1000g;
   include conf.d/*.conf;
   #只记录非2xx 3xx请求 
   map $status $error_codes { default   1;~^[23]    0;}
   log_format  main  '"upstream_addr":"$upstream_addr" "upstream_response_time":$upstream_response_time "remote_addr":"$remote_addr" "time_local":"$time_local" "http status":$status "http_referer":"$http_referer" "http_user_agent":"$http_user_agent" "http_x_forwarded_for":"$http_x_forwarded_for" "request":"$request_uri" "request_method":"$request_method" "sessionid":"$cookie_SESSION" "Host": "$http_host"';
   #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
   access_log  logs/access.log  main if=$error_codes;  
   log_not_found off;
   #开启高效文件传输模式，sendfile 指令指定 Nginx 是否调用sendfile 函数来输出文件，
   #对于普通应用设为 on，如果用来进行下载等应用磁盘 IO 重负载应用，可设置为 off，
   #以平衡磁盘与网络 I/O 处理速度，降低系统的负载。
   sendfile        on;
   #告诉 Nginx 在一个数据包里发送所有头文件，而不一个接一个的发送
   tcp_nopush     on;
   #告诉 Nginx 不要缓存数据，而是一段一段的发送--当需要及时发送数据时
   #，就应该给应用设置这个属性，这样发送一小块数据信息时就不能立即得到返回值。
   #Nginx 默认会始终工作在 tcp nopush 状态下。但是当开启前面的 sendfile on; 时，
   #它的工作特点是 nopush 的最后一个包会自动转转换到 nopush off。
   #为了减小那200ms的延迟，开启 nodelay on; 将其很快传送出去。
   #结论就是 sendfile on; 开启时，tcp_nopush 和 tcp_nodelay 都是on 是可以的。
   tcp_nodelay on;
   charset utf-8;
   server_tokens off;
   more_set_headers "Server: Unknown";
   absolute_redirect off;
   gzip on;
   gzip_min_length 1k;
   gzip_comp_level 1;
   gzip_types text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/css application/xml text/javascript application/x-httpd-php image/jpeg image/gif image/png application/vnd.ms-fontobject font/ttf font/opentype font/x-woff image/svg+xml;
   gzip_vary on;
   # 禁用客户端为 IE6 时的 gzip功能。
   gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.";
   gzip_buffers 32 4k;
   gzip_http_version 1.0;
   #连接超时时间，单位是秒
   keepalive_timeout  120;
    #读取HTTP头部的超时时间，默认值 60。
    #客户端与服务器建立连接后将开始接收HTTP头部，在这个过程中，
    #如果在一个时间间隔（超时时间）内没有读取到客户端发来的字节，则认为超时，并向客户端返回408 ("Request timed out")响应。
   client_header_timeout 60;
}

4.2 配置logrotate

实现日志文件切割：

echo "0 0 * * * root bash /usr/sbin/logrotate -f /etc/logrotate.d/nginx" >> /etc/crontab
cat > /etc/logrotate.d/nginx <<EOF
/opt/nginx/logs/*.log {
        daily
        missingok
        rotate 90
        compress
        delaycompress
        notifempty
        create 644 root root
        sharedscripts
        minsize 500M
        dateext
        dateformat _%Y%m%d
        postrotate
                if [ -f /opt/nginx/logs/nginx.pid ]; then
                        kill -USR1 \`cat /opt/nginx/logs/nginx.pid\`
                fi
        endscript
}
EOF

五. 安全加固

5.1 waf配置

基于ngx_lua_wafopen in new window修改

5.1.1 逻辑实现

/opt/nginx/conf/waf/init.lua

require 'config'

local ngx_match=ngx.re.match
local unescape=ngx.unescape_uri
open_url_filter=true
open_logging=true

-- 记录debug日志
function record_debug_log(msg)
    if open_logging then
        local logfile = log_path..'/'.."debug.log"
        write(logfile,msg)
    end
end

-- 判断table内是否含有元素
function tableFind(value, tbl)
  for k,v in ipairs(tbl) do
    -- 防止出现空格
    re = string.find(v, value, nil)
    if re ~= nil then
      return true;
    end
  end
    return false;
end

-- 读取规则
function read_rule(path,var)
    local file = assert(io.open(path..var,'r'))
    local result = {};
    for line in file:lines() do
       result[#result+1] = line;
    end
    file:close()
    return(result)
end
-- 读取url拦截规则
local urlrules=read_rule(black_rule_path,'url')
-- 读取agetn拦截规则
local bad_agents=read_rule(black_rule_path,'user-agent')
-- 读取args拦截规则
local bad_args=read_rule(black_rule_path,'args')
-- 读取post body拦截规则
local postrules=read_rule(black_rule_path,'post')
-- 读取http method白名单
local valid_methods=read_rule(white_rule_path,'method')
-- 读取http Host白名单
local valid_hosts=read_rule(white_rule_path,'host')
-- 读取 referer 白名单
local valid_referers=read_rule(white_rule_path,'referer')

-- 获取客户端IP
function get_client_ip()
    local headers=ngx.req.get_headers()
    local ip=headers["X-REAL-IP"] or headers["X_FORWARDED_FOR"] or ngx.var.remote_addr or "0.0.0.0"
    return ip
end

-- 写入文件
function write(file,msg)
    local fd = io.open(file,"ab")
    if fd == nil then return end
    fd:write(msg)
    fd:flush()
    fd:close()
end

-- 记录waf日志
function record_attack_log(identifier)
    if open_logging then
        local realIP = get_client_ip()
        local agent = ngx.var.http_user_agent
        local time=ngx.localtime()
        logformat = "-----".."\n".."ClientIP: "..realIP.."\n".."Host: "..ngx.var.http_host.."\n".."time: "..time.."\n".."uri: "..ngx.var.request_uri.."\n".."User-Agent: "..agent.."\n".."deny_rule: "..identifier.."\n".."-----".."\n"
        local logfile = log_path..'/'.."waf.log"
        write(logfile,logformat)
    end
end

-- 检测方法合法性
function method_check(method)
   record_debug_log(method)
   if tableFind(method,valid_methods) == false
      then
        record_attack_log("BadHttpMethod")
        ngx.exit(405)
   end
end

function fileExtCheck(ext)
    local items = Set(black_fileExt)
    ext=string.lower(ext)
    if ext then
        for rule in pairs(items) do
            if ngx.re.match(ext,rule,"isjo") then
                record_attack_log("file attack with ext "..ext)
            end
        end
    end
    return false
end

function get_boundary()
  
    local header = ngx.req.get_headers()["content-type"]
    if not header then
        return nil
    end

    if type(header) == "table" then
        header = header[1]
    end

    local m = string.match(header, ";%s*boundary=\"([^\"]+)\"")
    if m then
        return m
    end

    return string.match(header, ";%s*boundary=([^\",;]+)")
end

-- 校验url
function url_check()
    if open_url_filter then
        for _,rule in pairs(urlrules) do
            if rule ~="" and ngx_match(ngx.var.request_uri,rule,"isjo") then
                record_attack_log("BadUrl")
                -- ngx.redirect("/deny")
                ngx.exit(402)
                return true
            end
        end
    end
    return false
end

-- 校验Host合法性
function host_check(host)
    if tableFind(host,valid_hosts) == false
      then
   record_attack_log("BadHost")
   ngx.exit(444)
    end
end

-- 校验Referer合法性
function referer_check(refer,host)
    if refer ~= nil and string.find(refer,host) == nil 
      then 
        if tableFind(refer,valid_referers) == false
          then
       record_attack_log("BadRefer")
            ngx.exit(444)
        end
    end
end

-- 校验Agent合法性
function agent_check(user_agent)
    if user_agent ~= nil then
        for _,rule in pairs(bad_agents) do
       if rule ~="" and ngx_match(user_agent,rule,"isjo") then
                record_attack_log("BadAgent")
      ngx.exit(402)
       end
        end
    end
end

function args_check()
    for _,rule in pairs(bad_args) do
        local args = ngx.req.get_uri_args()
        for key, val in pairs(args) do
            if type(val)=='table' then
                 local t={}
                 for k,v in pairs(val) do
                    if v == true then
                        v=""
                    end
                    table.insert(t,v)
                end
                data=table.concat(t, " ")
            else
                data=val
            end
            if data and type(data) ~= "boolean" and rule ~="" and ngx_match(unescape(data),rule,"isjo") then
      record_attack_log("BadArgs")
      ngx.exit(402)
            end
        end
    end
end

function analysis_body()
    if ngx.var.request_method =="POST" then
   -- 获取body大小,为空视为攻击
        local content_length=tonumber(ngx.req.get_headers()['content-length'])
   if content_length == 0 then
       record_attack_log("空body")
            ngx.exit(402)
   end
    end
end

function body_check(data)
    for _,rule in pairs(postrules) do
        if rule ~="" and data~="" and ngx_match(unescape(data),rule,"isjo") then
       record_attack_log("BadBody")
            return true
        end
    end
    return false
end

5.1.2 配置文件

/opt/nginx/conf/waf/config.lua

open_waf=true
open_check_url=true
open_check_agrs=false
open_check_host=false
open_check_referer=false
open_check_agent=false
open_check_method=false
open_check_body=false
white_rule_path="/opt/nginx/conf/waf/white/"
black_rule_path="/opt/nginx/conf/waf/black/"
log_path="/opt/nginx/logs/"
open_logging=true

5.1.3 访问控制

/opt/nginx/conf/waf/access.lua

reques_method = ngx.var.request_method
reques_uri = ngx.var.request_uri
host=ngx.var.http_host
referer=ngx.var.http_referer
user_agent=ngx.var.http_user_agent

-- 判断是否开启waf
if(open_waf == true)
then

-- host合法性检测
if(open_check_host == true)then
    host_check(host)
end

-- method合法性检测
if(open_check_method == true)then
    method_check(reques_method)
end

-- url合法性检测
if(open_check_url == true)then
    url_check()
end

-- referer合法性检测
if(open_check_referer == true)then
    referer_check(referer,host)
end

-- agent合法性检测
if(open_check_agent == true)then
    agent_check(user_agent)
end

if(open_check_agrs == true)then
   args_check()
end
if(open_check_body == true)then
        body_check()
end
   analysis_body()
end

5.2 waf黑名单

5.2.1 args黑名单

/opt/nginx/conf/black/args

\.\./
\:\$
\$\{
select.+(from|limit)
(?:(union(.*?)select))
having|rongjitest
sleep\((\s*)(\d*)(\s*)\)
benchmark\((.*)\,(.*)\)
base64_decode\(
(?:from\W+information_schema\W)
(?:(?:current_)user|database|schema|connection_id)\s*\(
(?:etc\/\W*passwd)
into(\s+)+(?:dump|out)file\s*
group\s+by.+\(
xwork.MethodAccessor
(?:define|eval|file_get_contents|include|require|require_once|shell_exec|phpinfo|system|passthru|preg_\w+|execute|echo|print|print_r|var_dump|(fp)open|alert|showmodaldialog)\(
xwork\.MethodAccessor
(gopher|doc|php|glob|file|phar|zlib|ftp|ldap|dict|ogg|data)\:\/
java\.lang
\$_(GET|post|cookie|files|session|env|phplib|GLOBALS|SERVER)\[
\<(iframe|script|body|img|layer|div|meta|style|base|object|input)
(onmouseover|onerror|onload)\=

5.2.2 cookie黑名单

/opt/nginx/conf/black/cookie

\.\./
\:\$
\$\{
select.+(from|limit)
(?:(union(.*?)select))
having|rongjitest
sleep\((\s*)(\d*)(\s*)\)
benchmark\((.*)\,(.*)\)
base64_decode\(
(?:from\W+information_schema\W)
(?:(?:current_)user|database|schema|connection_id)\s*\(
(?:etc\/\W*passwd)
into(\s+)+(?:dump|out)file\s*
group\s+by.+\(
xwork.MethodAccessor
(?:define|eval|file_get_contents|include|require|require_once|shell_exec|phpinfo|system|passthru|preg_\w+|execute|echo|print|print_r|var_dump|(fp)open|alert|showmodaldialog)\(
xwork\.MethodAccessor
(gopher|doc|php|glob|file|phar|zlib|ftp|ldap|dict|ogg|data)\:\/
java\.lang
\$_(GET|post|cookie|files|session|env|phplib|GLOBALS|SERVER)\[
\<(iframe|script|body|img|layer|div|meta|style|base|object|input)
(onmouseover|onerror|onload)\=

5.2.3 post黑名单

/opt/nginx/conf/black/post

select.+(from|limit)
(?:(union(.*?)select))
having|rongjitest
sleep\((\s*)(\d*)(\s*)\)
benchmark\((.*)\,(.*)\)
base64_decode\(
(?:from\W+information_schema\W)
(?:(?:current_)user|database|schema|connection_id)\s*\(
(?:etc\/\W*passwd)
into(\s+)+(?:dump|out)file\s*
group\s+by.+\(
xwork.MethodAccessor
(?:define|eval|file_get_contents|include|require|require_once|shell_exec|phpinfo|system|passthru|preg_\w+|execute|echo|print|print_r|var_dump|(fp)open|alert|showmodaldialog)\(
xwork\.MethodAccessor
(gopher|doc|php|glob|file|phar|zlib|ftp|ldap|dict|ogg|data)\:\/
java\.lang
\$_(GET|post|cookie|files|session|env|phplib|GLOBALS|SERVER)\[
\<(iframe|script|body|img|layer|div|meta|style|base|object|input)
(onmouseover|onerror|onload)\=

5.2.4 url黑名单

/opt/nginx/conf/black/url

\.(git)
.(htaccess|htgroup)$
info$
(phpmyadmin|jmx-console|jmxinvokerservlet)
java\.lang
health$

5.2.5 user-agent黑名单

/opt/nginx/conf/black/user-agent

(HTTrack|harvest|audit|dirbuster|pangolin|nmap|sqln|-scan|hydra|Parser|libwww|BBBike|sqlmap|w3af|owasp|Nikto|fimap|havij|PycURL|zmeu|BabyKrokodil|netsparker|httperf|bench|YisouSpider|ApacheBench|WebBench|Jmeter|JoeDog|Havij|GetRight|TurnitinBot|GrabNet|masscan|mail2000|github|wget|curl|Java|python SF/)

5.3 naxsi配置

5.3.1 naxsi拦截规则

/opt/nginx/conf/naxsi/naxsi.rules

#LearningMode;
SecRulesEnabled;
#SecRulesDisabled;
DeniedUrl "/RequestDenied";
## check rules
CheckRule "$SQL >= 8" BLOCK;
CheckRule "$XSS >= 8" BLOCK;

5.3.2 内置规则

/opt/nginx/conf/naxsi/naxsi_core.rules

##################################
## INTERNAL RULES IDS:1-999     ##
##################################
#@MainRule "msg:weird request, unable to parse" id:1;
#@MainRule "msg:request too big, stored on disk and not parsed" id:2;
#@MainRule "msg:invalid hex encoding, null bytes" id:10;
#@MainRule "msg:unknown content-type" id:11;
#@MainRule "msg:invalid formatted url" id:12;
#@MainRule "msg:invalid POST format" id:13;
#@MainRule "msg:invalid POST boundary" id:14;
#@MainRule "msg:invalid JSON" id:15;
#@MainRule "msg:empty POST" id:16;
#@MainRule "msg:libinjection_sql" id:17;
#@MainRule "msg:libinjection_xss" id:18;
##################################
## SQL Injections IDs:1000-1099 ##
##################################
MainRule "rx:select|union|update|delete|insert|table|from|ascii|hex|unhex|drop" "msg:sql keywords" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:4" id:1000;
MainRule "str:\"" "msg:double quote" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:8,$XSS:8" id:1001;
MainRule "str:0x" "msg:0x, possible hex encoding" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:2" id:1002;
## Hardcore rules
MainRule "str:/*" "msg:mysql comment (/*)" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:8" id:1003;
MainRule "str:*/" "msg:mysql comment (*/)" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:8" id:1004;
MainRule "str:|" "msg:mysql keyword (|)"  "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:8" id:1005;
MainRule "str:&&" "msg:mysql keyword (&&)" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:8" id:1006;
## end of hardcore rules
MainRule "str:--" "msg:mysql comment (--)" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:4" id:1007;
MainRule "str:;" "msg:semicolon" "mz:URL|ARGS" "s:$SQL:4,$XSS:8" id:1008;
MainRule "str:=" "msg:equal sign in var, probable sql/xss" "mz:ARGS" "s:$SQL:2" id:1009;
MainRule "str:(" "msg:open parenthesis, probable sql/xss" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:4,$XSS:8" id:1010;
MainRule "str:)" "msg:close parenthesis, probable sql/xss" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:4,$XSS:8" id:1011;
MainRule "str:'" "msg:simple quote" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:4,$XSS:8" id:1013;
#MainRule "str:," "msg:comma" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:4" id:1015;
MainRule "str:#" "msg:mysql comment (#)" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:4" id:1016;
MainRule "str:@@" "msg:double arobase (@@)" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$SQL:4" id:1017;

###############################
## OBVIOUS RFI IDs:1100-1199 ##
###############################
MainRule "str:http://" "msg:http:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1100;
MainRule "str:https://" "msg:https:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1101;
MainRule "str:ftp://" "msg:ftp:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1102;
MainRule "str:php://" "msg:php:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1103;
MainRule "str:sftp://" "msg:sftp:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1104;
MainRule "str:zlib://" "msg:zlib:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1105;
MainRule "str:data://" "msg:data:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1106;
MainRule "str:glob://" "msg:glob:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1107;
MainRule "str:phar://" "msg:phar:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1108;
MainRule "str:file://" "msg:file:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1109;
MainRule "str:gopher://" "msg:gopher:// scheme" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$RFI:8" id:1110;

#######################################
## Directory traversal IDs:1200-1299 ##
#######################################                                       
MainRule "str:.." "msg:double dot" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$TRAVERSAL:4" id:1200;
MainRule "str:/etc/passwd" "msg:obvious probe" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$TRAVERSAL:4" id:1202;
MainRule "str:c:\\" "msg:obvious windows path" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$TRAVERSAL:4" id:1203;
MainRule "str:cmd.exe" "msg:obvious probe" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$TRAVERSAL:4" id:1204;
MainRule "str:\\" "msg:backslash" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$TRAVERSAL:4" id:1205;
#MainRule "str:/" "msg:slash in args" "mz:ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$TRAVERSAL:2" id:1206;

########################################
## Cross Site Scripting IDs:1300-1399 ##
########################################
MainRule "str:<" "msg:html open tag" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$XSS:8" id:1302;
MainRule "str:>" "msg:html close tag" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$XSS:8" id:1303;
MainRule "str:[" "msg:open square backet ([), possible js" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$XSS:4" id:1310;
MainRule "str:]" "msg:close square bracket (]), possible js" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$XSS:4" id:1311;
MainRule "str:~" "msg:tilde (~) character" "mz:URL|ARGS|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$XSS:4" id:1312;
MainRule "str:`"  "msg:grave accent (`)" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$XSS:8" id:1314;
MainRule "rx:%[23]."  "msg:double encoding" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$XSS:8" id:1315;

####################################
## Evading tricks IDs: 1400-1500 ##
####################################
MainRule "str:&#" "msg:utf7/8 encoding" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$EVADE:4" id:1400;
MainRule "str:%U" "msg:M$ encoding" "mz:ARGS|URL|$HEADERS_VAR:Cookie" "s:$EVADE:4" id:1401;

#############################
## File uploads: 1500-1600 ##
#############################
MainRule "rx:\.ph|\.asp|\.ht" "msg:asp/php file upload" "mz:FILE_EXT" "s:$UPLOAD:8" id:1500;

六. 总结

自用nginx安装脚本下载链接open in new window

安装说明文档open in new window

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